duy tâm

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The Vietnamese word "duy tâm" translates to "idealist" or "idealistic" in English. It refers to a philosophical viewpoint that emphasizes the importance of ideas, thoughts, and mental constructs over material or physical reality.

Basic Explanation:

• Meaning: "Duy tâm" describes someone or something that prioritizes ideals, beliefs, and mental concepts, often in a way that may seem disconnected from reality. In philosophy, it suggests that reality is primarily shaped by the mind or consciousness.

Usage Instructions:

• Context: You can use "duy tâm" to describe someone's way of thinking, a philosophical approach, or to characterize a belief system that values ideals over practical matters.
• Examples:
  • "Anh ấy là một người duy tâm, luôn tin vào những điều tốt đẹp mà không quan tâm đến thực tế." (He is an idealist, always believing in good things without caring about reality.)
  • "Triết học duy tâm nhấn mạnh rằng ý tưởng và ý thức quan trọng hơn vật chất." (Idealistic philosophy emphasizes that ideas and consciousness are more important than material things.)

Advanced Usage:

• "Duy tâm" can also be used in more technical philosophical discussions:
  • Chủ nghĩa duy tâm: This term means "idealism" in a broader philosophical context.
  • Duy tâm chủ quan: This translates to "subjective idealism," which is the view that reality is dependent on the individual's perception and experience.
  • Duy tâm khách quan: This means "objective idealism," suggesting that while reality exists independently, it is still shaped by our ideas.
  • Duy tâm sử quan: This refers to an "idealistic historical outlook," focusing on how historical events are interpreted through idealistic lenses.

Variants:

• Chủ nghĩa duy tâm: Idealism.
• Duy tâm chủ quan: Subjective idealism.
• Duy tâm khách quan: Objective idealism.

Different Meanings:

While "duy tâm" primarily refers to philosophical idealism, it can also imply a sense of unrealistic optimism or naivety in everyday conversation, where someone might be described as "duy tâm" if they hold overly idealistic views that don't consider practical realities.

Synonyms:

• Lý tưởng: Idealistic.
• Tâm linh: Spiritual (though this has a broader meaning).
• Mơ mộng: Dreamy or whimsical.

Academic

1. Idealist, idealistic
   • Triết học duy tâm
     An idealistic philosophy
2. Superstitious
   • Chủ nghĩa duy tâm
     Indealism
   • Chủ nghĩa duy tâm chủ quan
     Subjective idealism
   • Chủ nghĩa duy tâm khách quan
     Objective idealism
   • Duy tâm sử quan
     Idealistic historical outlook